Injection site vaccinology of a recombinant vaccinia-based vector reveals diverse innate immune signatures

Poxvirus systems have been extensively used as vaccine vectors. Herein a RNA-Seq analysis of intramuscular injection sites provided detailed insights into host innate immune responses, well expression vector and recombinant immunogen genes, after vaccination with new multiplication defective, vaccinia-based vector, Sementis Copenhagen Vector. Chikungunya Zika virus mRNA protein was associated necrosing skeletal muscle cells surrounded by mixed cellular infiltrates. The multiple adjuvant signatures at 12 hours post-vaccination were dominated TLR3, 4 9, STING, MAVS, PKR the inflammasome. Th1 cytokine IFN?, TNF IL1?, chemokine CCL5 CXCL12. Multiple dendritic cell stimulation evident. By day seven, transcripts absent, death, neutrophil, macrophage inflammation annotations had abated. No compelling arthritis identified. Such site vaccinology approaches should inform refinements in poxvirus-based design.